The colon represents a pause of greater importance than that is expressed by a semicolon. It has the following uses:

To introduce a quotation

Bacon says: ‘Reading makes a full man, writing an exact man, speaking a ready man.’

To introduce an explanation

Mother had to be hospitalized: she had heart trouble.

A colon can introduce a list.

The three forms of an English verb are: the present tense, the past tense and the past participle

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